What is meant by positive deviations from Raoult’s law ? Give an example. What is the sign of H for positive deviation ?
Define azeotropes. What type of azeotrope is formed by positive deviation from Raoult’s law ?
Give an example.
Why a mixture of Carbon disulphide and acetone shows positive deviation from Raoult’s law? What type of azeotrope is formed by this mixture?
(i) Gas (A) is more soluble in water than Gas (B) at the same temperature. Which one of the two gases will have the higher value of KH (Henry’s constant) and why ?
(ii) In non-ideal solution, what type of deviation shows the formation of maximum boiling azeotropes ?
The vapour pressure of pure liquids A and B at 400 K are 450 and 700 mm Hg respectively. Find out the composition of liquid mixture if total pressure at this temperature is 600 mm Hg.
(a) 30 g of urea (M = 60 g mol-1) is dissolved in 846 g of water. Calculate the vapour pressure of water for this solution if vapour pressure of pure water at 298 K is 23.8 mm Hg.
(b) Write two differences between ideal solutions and non-ideal solutions.
What are isotonic solutions ?
What is meant by term reverse osmosis ?
Define the following terms :
(i) Isotonic solutions
(ii) Van’t Hoff factor
Explain boiling point elevation constant for a solvent or ebullioscopic constant.
Define the following terms:
(i) Colligative properties
(ii) Molality (m)
Define the following terms:
(i) Ideal solution
(ii) Molarity (M)
Define the following terms:
(i) Abnormal molar mass
(ii) van’t Hoff factor
A 1.00 molar aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid (CCl₃COOH) is heated to its boiling point. The solution has the boiling point of 100.18 °C. Determine the van’t Hoff factor for trichloroacetic acid. ( for water = 0.512 K kg mol⁻¹).
Define the following terms :
(i) Mole fraction
(ii) Isotonic solutions
(iii) Van’t Hoff factor
(iv) Ideal solution