What is the geometrical shape of equipotential surfaces due to an isolated charge ?
For an isolated charge, the equipotential surfaces are concentric spherical shells and the distance between the shells increases with the decrease in electric field.


Why are electric field lines perpendicular at a point on an equipotential surface of a conductor ?
For any charge configuration, equipotential surface through a point is normal to the electric field. Justify.
Choose the SI unit of electric potential energy :
(a) Joule
(b) Coulomb
(c) Newton per coulomb
(d) Erg
Draw a plot showing the variation of (i) electric field (E) and (ii) electric potential (V) with distance r due to a point charge Q.
Why do the electrostatic field lines not form closed loops ?
A charge ‘q’ is moved from a point A above a dipole of dipole moment ‘p’ to a point B below the dipole in equatorial plane without acceleration. Find the work done in the process.
Plot a graph showing the variation of current I versus resistance R, connected to a cell of emf E and internal resistance r.
Does the charge given to a metallic sphere depend on whether it is hollow or solid?
Nichrome and copper wires of same length and same radius are connected in series. Current I is passed through them. Which wire gets heated up more ? Justify your answer.
Why must electrostatic field at the surface of a charged conductor be normal to the surface at every point ? Give reason.